You might want to actually read about the issues before leaping to the conclusion that everything is so black and white. There are two separate doctrines that have been applied and supported judicially with respect to Title VII of the Civil Right Act of 1964. The first principle relates to disparate treatment based on race. The second relates to disparate impact based on race. Both constitute prima facie evidence of discrimination, placing the burden of proof on the employer to demonstrate that the action resulting in either disparate treatment or disparate impact are not in fact racially biased. These two separate standards have coexisted for a long time. In this case, the test was thrown out because it has a disparate impact. The town did not believe that it could demonstrate that the test was unbiased since the results were the direct product of a weighting of the different parts of the test and that is other weightings were used that it considered to be equally justifiable, the results were not discriminatory. Accordingly the town decided to use the different weightings.
The law suit was filed and dismissed by the District Court. On appeal, the appeals court, including Sotomayor, dismissed the appeal unanimously in a one paragraph statement (unsigned) indicating that the lower court rejection of the lawsuit was valid.
The Supreme Court decision ruled, by a vote of 5 to 4, that the town had no right to overturn the test without "a strong basis in evidence" that the test was discriminatory even if it was clear that the impact was discriminatory. This has created a Catch 22 situation in which the employer cannot use the test unless it can prove that it is not discriminatory, but also can't vacate the test unless it has "strong... evidence" that it is discriminatory. In fact, it is at least theoretically possible that if the town reverses itself the black fire fighters could sue based on the discriminatory impact and prevail. It is clear, for example in Scalia's concurrent opinion, that some of the justices in the majority view this case as simply a stepping stone for overturning the "disparate impact" portions of the Civil Right Act whch have been affrimed repeatedly in prior Court cases.
[Supreme Court decision in Ricci v. DeStefano at http://www.supremecourtus.gov/opinio...df/07-1428.pdf]











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